[영어기록] Sapiens & Inception

 

 

1. Read an Article

Book Summary: Sapiens by Yuval Noah Harari

jamesclear.com/book-summaries/sapiens

Book Summary: Sapiens by Yuval Noah Harari

 

[Words & Phrases]

- On the verge of: very close to experiencing something

• The company was on the verge of going bankrupt.

• The child was on the verge of tears.

• We were on the verge of divorce.

- hunch over: round one's back by bending forward and drawing the shoulders forward = hunch forward, hump

- trajectory: the curved path along which something (such as a rocket) moves through the air or through space

- gorge on: to eat something eagerly and usually to excess

• gorge on high calories

- forager: a person or animal that goes from place to place searching for things that they can eat or use

• She is a very accomplished hunter and forager.

• Animals are very selective foragers.

- expedition: an organized journey for a particular purpose

- spawn: to cause (something) to develop or begin = to produce or create (something)

 

[Engagement Points]

- the Cognitive Revolution: Homo sapiens conquered the world because of its unique language. The Cognitive Revolution occurred between 70,000 to 30,000 years ago. It allowed Homo sapiens to communicate at a level never seen before in language. As far as we know, only Homo sapiens can talk about things we have never seen, touched, or smelled. Think religions, myths, legends, and fantasies.

- Human cultures began to take shape about 70,000 years ago.

• take shape: to start to develop a more clear or certain form

- Evolutionary psychology claims that most of our psychology was developed during the period before the Agricultural Revolution about 10,000 years ago.

- iron law: a law or controlling principle that is incontrovertible and inexorable (철칙)

• iron laws of historical necessity

• incontrovertible: not able to be doubted or questioned

• controvert: to say or prove that (something) is untrue

• inexorable: not able to be stopped or changed

 

 

 

 

2. Watch a Video

Learn English Through Movies, Inception

www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nqeh5SRH4Q8

 

[Words & Phrases]

- inception = origin, starting point

- auxiliary: available to provide extra help, power, etc., when it is needed (보조의, 보조자)

- wind up = end up

- break in: to illegally enter a place or building, especially in order to steal something

- turn on

1) turn on (something) or turn (something) on : to cause (something) to work or flow by pressing a button, moving a switch, etc.

• She turned on the lights/computer/radio/water.

• We turned on the heat in the house.

2) turn (someone) on or turn on (someone) informal : to cause (someone) to feel excitement or enjoyment : to be appealing to (someone)

• What kind of music turns you on? 

3) turn (someone) on to (something) : to cause (someone) to use or become interested in (something) for the first time

• She turned him on to water-skiing.

• He was turned on to cocaine by an acquaintance.

4) turn on (someone or something) : to attack or criticize (someone or something) in a sudden or unexpected way

• The dog suddenly turned on its owner.

• The rock star's fans began to turn on him.

5) turn on/upon (something)

a : to be determined or decided by (something)

• The outcome of the election turns on [=depends on] how well the candidates perform in the next debate.

b : to have (something) as a main subject or interest

• The discussion turned on the question of how the money should be spent.

6) turn (something) on (someone or something) : to use (something, such as a weapon) to harm, stop, or kill (someone or something)

• Fire hoses were turned on the protesters.

• He killed three people before turning the gun on himself. [=before shooting himself]

- projection: something that is imagined or created from your ideas, thoughts, feelings, etc.

• projections of my subconscious

- converge on: to meet or come together to form a crowd or group

• Six police cars converged on the accident scene.

• Reporters from five different news sources converged on her after the game.

- infiltrate: to secretly enter or join (something, such as a group or an organization) in order to get information or do harm

 

[Engagement Points]

- The more you change things, the quicker the projections start to converge on you.